PT-03 Review

Posted: 4/12/2009 11:46:00 AM
Thierry

From: Colmar, France

Joined: 12/31/2007

I took some time today for trying out the PT-03 Theremin. It is an unofficial clone of the Paja Theremax and not longer sold. It comes in a small carrying case. Pictures and a brief description can be found here (http://www.myspace.com/portabletheremin). Since the circuits seem mostly identical, some of my observations may also be valid for the Theremax itself.

The instrument was left temporarily to me by a TW member because he was not at all satisfied with it. So the first thing I did was checking and correcting the tuning in order to start with "normal" parameters. After this procedure I found a more stable audio output and much less ghost tones when varying the volume.

I should mention, even if I (as a classical player) find them useless, that there are the same pitch cv, volume cv and gate outputs as on the Theremax, including the corresponding adjustment potentiometers.

It is a "classical" heterodyning theremin without a linearizing coil. A 5pF capacitor in series with the pitch rod seems to "limit" the over-proportional capacitance growth when playing very high tones. So I felt the expected behavior, decreasing space between higher tones. But this variation is consistent and smooth, so I think I could easily adapt to that in a about 5 octave range. I tried to play "Waldesruhe" op.68 no. 5 from A. Dvorak and found it not too bad, out of some "oooops" where I went too far when doing jumps into the higher register (a tribute to the non-linearity...).

The sound is more mellow than on the EW Standard, especially in the lower register, which can be pleasing but also sound uninteresting. But that depends on individual preferences. Some mods have been published on the www which allow to increase coupling between the oscillators in order to get a sharper, more string like sound. I wouldn't do this, since I prefer a mellow bass register on a theremin.

In the next days I will try to "linearize" it by adding a coil. Since mathematics are helpful but do not always allow to take all parameters into account, there will be some trial and error.

So I'll perhaps post an update when I'll have been successful.
Posted: 4/12/2009 1:13:00 PM
Thierry

From: Colmar, France

Joined: 12/31/2007

Earlier as expected, the first update:

After playing longer on this PT-03 I wasn't satisfied with the volume response and I got the impression that the volume tuning pot didn't make any changes. So I went deeper into it. Checked the volume cv output: Also no change when turning the pot from right to left while operating normally otherwise. Will have to fix that.

As I was playing around with the multimeter, I discovered that the pitch cv output was always at 0V, independent of audible pitch changes and of the pitch cv pot. It seems that the sine-rectangle former stage around IC1a doesn't work since at the rightmost position of the timbre pot there is no audible output. Still a thing to fix.

I wonder what I'll still discover...
Posted: 4/12/2009 10:19:39 PM
teslatheremin

From: Toledo, Ohio United States of America

Joined: 2/22/2006

Thierry,
I am very interested in any 'Linearization' fixes that you may be able to implement in this "PAiA" Theremin design,(as are, I suspect the crew at PAiA).
I have read many of your posts here at TW, and believe you possess the electronics technical skills to find an ultimate answer to the slight unlinearities that plague the PAiA design.
Good Luck!
teslatheremin
Posted: 4/13/2009 7:27:05 AM
Thierry

From: Colmar, France

Joined: 12/31/2007

@teslatheremin: Thank you!

I will surely share my linearization attempts. But at first I have to fix this "instrument merdique".
Posted: 4/15/2009 12:55:10 PM
fairplay

From: Germany, near Munich

Joined: 11/20/2007

:o)

...just stumbled upon your report - being curious about your findings...
Posted: 5/10/2009 5:54:27 PM
Thierry

From: Colmar, France

Joined: 12/31/2007

Didn't have any spare time today, but I wanted to reveal some of the PT-03 mysteries.

As I wrote before, the timbre adjust did not work and the pitch cv was always at zero volts. By checking the circuit systematically with multimeter and oscilloscope I found that the DC level at PIN 5 of IC1 (the non-inverting input of the sine/square former schmitt-trigger stage) was always too low. Finally I found that the positive feedback resistor R44 was only a 39k instead of a 4.7M resistor, 120 times too low. What could theoretically have given a sharper impulse response, pulled the input voltage down, so that the output never came up. I took this 39k resistor out, just for testing, and suddenly I could alter the waveform and got a non-zero pitch cv. But without any feedback resistor the audio out became too loud, noisy and distorted. So I'll have to go and to buy a fitting resistor (I don't actually have this value in stock and it's Sunday evening...)

...to be continued...

N.B.: Now I understand why the guy who made these PT-03s has disappeared...
Posted: 5/12/2009 12:55:24 PM
Etherspiel

From: Los Angeles

Joined: 3/8/2005

Very interesting, Thierry. The Theremax is an interesting design. You can change the R values in the filtering section of the circuit to gain more mid-highs and brighten the tone.

I look forward to your linearizing solutions. I used an air coil in series the pitch antenna on my Theremax, and found an improvement.
Posted: 5/12/2009 5:38:11 PM
Thierry

From: Colmar, France

Joined: 12/31/2007

First I've to get this (censored) thing working correctly. In the meantime I'm convinced that building a 'real' theremax from scratch would have been easier than debugging this clone.
Posted: 5/14/2009 3:21:34 PM
Etherspiel

From: Los Angeles

Joined: 3/8/2005

I would suspect that is true, Thierry. I built mine from scratch and it worked for a long time. It eventually developed a problem, and I found it was difficult to troubleshoot - it is a complex circuit.

I hope you can figure out the root of the problems.

How is the tone - similar to the Theremax?
Posted: 5/14/2009 4:52:22 PM
Thierry

From: Colmar, France

Joined: 12/31/2007

Got it finally working! Changed the LM339 and that was it. Pitch and volume cv outputs work, I have a rich and strong audio signal.

Now I'm still fighting against some interferences with strong local AM radio stations. That is a typical French problem since these transmitters have been build to reach Northern Africa (the ancient colonies Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia). So the ThereMax with its 800kHz to 1MHz oscillators is just in the sensitive range. I'm going to try soldering a 10mH RF suppressor coil in series with R1. Hope this will help. Then I'm going to place some conductive shielding on the case bottom.

Etherspiel, now as I have an identical circuit (after having found this false resistor I checked each component...), the PT-03 should sound like the original ThereMax.

...to be continued

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